Solely SMA patients showed significant decreased levels of TSP4 (SMA: 29.99 ± 6.6, NDC: 70.52 ± 25.9, inflammatory CNS disease: 46.51 ± 8.2, PNS disease: 48.13 ± 8.2, infectious disease: 45.85 ± 10.6 pg/ml, Fig. 1d). This evidence concerns the gene THBS4 and proximal spinal muscular atrophy.