Recent research has revealed that TGF-β stimulates a broad spectrum of cardiac fibroblast transcripts and promotes the secretion of myocardial exosomes via the Smad pathway, inducing MI phenotypes in cardiomyocytes (Maity et al., 2020), Under the influence of aldosterone, TGF-β can suppress MMP synthesis, enhance MMP production, and support cardiomyoblast survival. Here, TGFB1 is linked to myocardial infarction.