The resistance of both CSCs and CD133+ cell fractions to chemotherapy and radiotherapy highlights their potential to predict patient responses to these treatments (Kemper et al., 2010; Grosse-Gehling et al., 2013; Chen et al., 2008; Blazek et al., 2007; Lin et al., 2010) and thereby address a significant unmet clinical need in the context of CD133 overexpression, which is associated with poor prognosis and reduced OS times in various cancers. This evidence concerns the gene PROM1 and cancer.