UCP1 and obesity disorder: Recent studies have explored the anti-obesity effects of thermogenesis by assessing the expression of thermogenic-specific genes and proteins, such as uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), and PR domain-containing 16 (PRDM16) in white adipocytes and tissues, aligning with current research trends (9, 10).