HLA-G and cancer: HLA-G and its receptors are considered as a new immune checkpoint and potential targets for cancer immunotherapy (Amiot et al, 2011; Carosella et al, 2015; Barkal et al, 2018; Krijgsman et al, 2020), and several antibodies targeting HLA-G, LILRB1, or LILRB2 are currently in clinical trials for cancer treatment (Lin & Yan, 2021).