In addition to combination with ICB, cDC1 reprogramming in situ could potentially synergize with other modalities, e.g., adoptive T cells, by enhancing target antigen presentation and supporting infiltration of engineered T cells into solid tumors, or agonistic CD40 antibodies given the critical role of CD4+ T cells that might depend on CD40-CD40L interaction and the previously reported role in TLS-like structure induction in glioma (52). This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and central nervous system cancer.