CUL1 and infection: In accordance with this downshift in expression, four negative regulators of wee1 (cul1, skp1, rbx1, and prmt5) (Watanabe et al., 2004; Jia et al., 2011; Beketova et al., 2022), were frequently upregulated during infection while three more genes associated with suppressing the cell cycle due to DNA damage (rrm2, prkdc, and ddb2) were downregulated (Chen L. et al., 2021; Chen S. et al., 2021; Zuo et al., 2024).