Our results further indicate that diffuse inflammatory pathway activation occurs in FD, involving pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, TNF-α, TNF-β, and IFN-γ (produced by T cells and monocytes/macrophages) and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10 (produced by monocytes/macrophages) (34, 35). The gene discussed is IL4; the disease is Fabry disease.