OLR1 and cerebral cavernous malformation: Finally, to control for the unlikely but possible chance that LOX-1 expression may have been somehow dysregulated by creating the cell lines, we also performed immunofluorescent staining on pathology slides directly—and this successfully revealed marked LOX-1 expression in the tissue of origin, in addition to demonstrating greater relative LOX-1 expression in the CCM tissue when compared to control, non-CCM brain vascular tissue.