TNF and hepatocellular carcinoma: The pathways, including cell cycle, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Wnt signaling pathway, hepatocellular carcinoma and TGF-beta signaling pathway, promote cell proliferation and interfere with cell apoptosis; while the pathways, including p53 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, Foxo signaling pathway and cellular senescence, inhibit cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis.