GPT and diabetes mellitus: Figure 3 demonstrates that the positive correlation between RA prevalence and IBI scores was statistically significant in most subgroups. However, in a portion of subgroups, the positive association was insignificant. This positive association was not statistically significant (p > 0.05) among participants aged ≥65, partial race, low education level, household poverty-to-income ratio < 1.3, BMI < 25, partial disease (stroke, CVD, diabetes), HbA1c > 6, ALT > 40, AST > 40, BUN > 12, and HDL > 60.