In contrast, the expression of tumor suppressors, such as CDH1, DKK3, and PTEN (which were assessed only in DU145 tumors because PC3 cells have a homozygous deletion of the PTEN gene and are therefore negative for PTEN expression, ref. 25), was markedly upregulated, as we described previously in IL30KO-DU145 tumors12 and confirmed here in IL30KO-PC3 tumors (Fig. 6c, d; Supplementary Tables 7 and 8). Here, DKK3 is linked to neoplasm.