Furthermore, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analyses revealed that TGF-β, Wnt, cellular senescence, collagen fibril organization signaling and rheumatoid arthritis pathways were markedly downregulated in IL-1β plus NP-G2-044-stimulated chondrocytes (Fig. 5d, e, Fig. S7a, b). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and rheumatoid arthritis.