Notably, increased concentrations of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were observed alongside evidence of hemophagocytosis and phagocytic lymph histiocytosis.54 This constellation of findings points to microangiopathy and a hyperinflammatory state as potential contributors to the development of CMBs.90 Building on this, recent clinical research has posited a relationship between systemic inflammation and CMBs pathogenesis. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and Hemophagocytosis.