TCF3 and malignant colon neoplasm: TCF3 upregulation is caused by promoter hypomethylation during development, colon cancer progression (Li et al., 2014), and the transcriptional upregulation of multiple cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors like CDKN1A, p15INK4B, and p16INK4B (Pagliuca et al., 2000), and probably CDKN3 in colon cancer (Supplementary Table 2).