In lung cancer, cyclin-dependent kinase 3 may inactivate retinoblastoma and DREAM through phosphorylation for the temporal control of expression of two gene sets: the expression of the first gene set peaks in G1/S for DNA synthesis, and it might be activated by E2F1; the second set reaches maximum expression during G2/M for mitosis, coordinated by MuvB, MYBL2, and FOXM1 (Fischer et al., 2022), a complex that regulates cell cycle progression and entry into senescence (Figure 6). Here, E2F1 is linked to lung cancer.