CD274 and neoplasm: Gastric cancer treatment includes chemotherapy, molecularly targeted therapies, and therapeutic agents such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) selected for every patient as humanized monoclonal antibodies that target inhibitory receptors (CTLA-4, PD-1, LAG-3, TIM-3, and PD-L1) expressed on T lymphocytes, antigen presenting cells, and tumor cells, where they elicit an anti-tumor response by stimulating the immune system (Franzin et al., 2020); they are effective in the microsatellite instability and ICI subtypes but quite ineffective in the GS subtype (Kim et al., 2018).