Neuronal RARβ signalling has long been identified as a pivotal target for axonal regeneration in various nerve injuries, including optic nerve regeneration (Koriyama et al., 2013), diabetic neuropathy (Hernández-Pedro et al., 2014), SCI (Agudo et al., 2010), and avulsion (Goncalves et al., 2015, 2019a,c). This evidence concerns the gene RARB and diabetic neuropathy.