Of these genes showing positive selection, the strongest signal was detected in TNFSF4. However, we found no evidence for lineage specific selection associated with either M. myotis, the species most associated with infection in the Palearctic [9, 21] or M. lucifugus, an affected species in the Nearctic [8], when these were contrasted against the other Myotis species in a branch test. The gene discussed is TNFSF4; the disease is infection.