INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: When exposed to TCEP, the AKT1A or HNF4A genes are activated in response to exogenous stimuli (GO: 0009410) or in response to glucose (GO: 0009749) and then positively regulate the process of glucose metabolism (GO: 0010907), increase the cellular response to insulin stimulus (GO: 0032869), or regulate insulin secretion (GO: 0050796), further disturbing the process of glucose metabolism (GO: 0006006) or insulin secretion (GO: 0030073) to destroy glucose homeostasis (GO: 0042593) or pancreas development (GO: 0031016); these changes ultimately lead to the development of T2DM.