Glomerular disease–relevant actions of both ET-1 and AngII are known to include not only podocyte calcium signaling (Figure 4B and Figure 5B), but also the generation of reactive oxygen species, oxidative stress, inflammation, and degradation of the glomerular endothelial surface layer in models of FSGS (46–50). Here, EDN1 is linked to focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.