CSF1 and lupus nephritis: Consequently, it is hypothesized that when 25/27-HC expression is reduced, preventing INSIGs from inhibiting the translocation of the SREBP-SCAP complex to the Golgi apparatus (Figure 1), excessive SREBP expression ensues, resulting in the overproduction of IL-1β, IL-6, and CSF-1, which promotes the expansion of M1 macrophages and accelerates the onset of lupus nephritis (Figure 2).