BCL2 and neoplasm: AhigherBax/Bcl-2 ratio decreases the cell’s ability to resist apoptosis, resulting inincreased celldeath and a lower likelihood of tumor formation [33].Caspase-3, a pivotal effector enzyme, assumes a crucial role in apoptosis bycleaving essentialcellular targets responsible for chromatin condensation, DNA fragmentation, andcytoskeletalbreakdown.