In line with these observations, primary bone marrow (BM) samples from M5 AML patients showed significantly elevated NLRP3 protein levels compared to healthy controls (Fig. 1C/D) and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from AML patients secreted significantly higher amounts of IL-1β and IL-18 (Fig. 1E). This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and acute myeloid leukemia.