The infection of HeLa-CD4 cells and monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) by HIV-1 containing Vpr, decreases REAF levels in the nucleus within two hours of infection; however, when these cells are infected with HIV-1 that does not contain Vpr, the quantities of REAF in the nucleus increase as early as within 30 minutes. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is infection.