TKT and Alzheimer disease: Undegraded autophagic vacuoles have been observed in the neurites of patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) (Boland et al., 2008), while upregulation of several tyrosine kinases have been detected in the hippocampi of postmortem AD patients and the substantia nigra of Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients, regions known to be vulnerable to pathological protein aggregation in these diseases (Fowler et al., 2019), implicating TK signaling in protein accumulation and disease pathogenesis, although the distinct mechanisms of action remain unclear.