CSF1R and Alzheimer disease: Additionally, the role of CSF1R in the proliferation of other myeloid cells, such as macrophage (Sehgal et al., 2018), suggest that inhibition of CSF1R may serve to reduce inflammation via peripheral immune cells, which have been demonstrated to infiltrate the brain and cause damage in such disorders as AD, PD, and MS (Høglund, 2014; Zhang X. et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2023).