INS and diabetes mellitus: Among medical variables (Table 3), there was an increased risk of LLA for those who received insulin for diabetes treatment, 2.33 (1.32–4.10), had hypertension, 1.72 (1.14–2.58), had lower GFR, (continuous variable) 0.98 (0.97–0.99) and had a poorer foot risk category compared to healthy feet, 7.44 (5.21–10.63).