HPS5 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: In summary, the results of this work confirmed that circulating proteins can be used as predictive and prognostic biomarkers in patients with metastatic NSCLC and allow us to detect a proteomic signature of seven proteins (ATG9A, HPS5, DCDC2, PGTA, FIL1L, LZTL1, and SPTN2) which enables the selection of those patients who will benefit from anti-PD1 immunotherapy.