To achieve this, we utilized a large-scale GWAS database and data from published literature to assess the causal relationships between celiac disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD), IgAN, membranous nephropathy (MN), diabetic nephropathy (DN), nephrotic syndrome (NS), glomerulonephritis, urolithiasis, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR). The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is chronic kidney disease.