EGFR and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: EGFR-TKIs is indicated for patients with a diverse array of tumors carrying EGFR mutations, encompassing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), pancreatic cancer, glioblastoma, and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Mukasa et al., 2010; Wang et al., 2024; Zhang et al., 2021).