MALT1 and ankylosing spondylitis: Secondly, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) promotes the differentiation and immune response of CD4+ T cells, correlating with the severity and activity of inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis patients, suggesting that MALT1 may be a key regulator of the inflammatory response in this disease (Qin et al., 2021; Yuan et al., 2022).