Similar findings were discovered in preclinical animal models of lung cancer (31) and melanoma (199), in which most tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in the TDLNs are functional and exhibit a gene expression signature resembling that of stem-like CD8+ T cells (31) or resident memory CD8+ T cells (199), suggesting that the antigen presentation and T cell priming in TDLNs is critical for the ICB treatment. Here, CD8A is linked to lung carcinoma.