Moreover, the comparison between probiotics groups on day 28 and day 14 revealed 81 significant DEGs (p<0.05) primarily associated with immune response pathways (such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, JAK-STAT signaling pathway, chemokine signaling pathway, or TLR signaling pathway), along with pathways related to diseases such as viral protein interaction with cytokine and cytokine receptor, inflammatory bowel disease, amoebiasis, tuberculosis, legionellosis, measles, virion - human immunodeficiency virus, or virion - flavivirus (Figure 5C; Supplementary Table S5C). The gene discussed is SOAT1; the disease is legionellosis.