For this purpose, we evaluated the protein expression levels of IKKα, IKKβ, IκBα and NF-κB p65, as well as the levels of IKKα/β phosphorylated at Ser 176/180; IκBα phosphorylated at Ser 32; and NF-κB p65 phosphorylated at Ser 536 in AML KG-1a, KG-1, Kasumi-1, and HL-60 cells by western blot after 72 h of bithionol treatment (Fig. 4A). Here, CHUK is linked to acute myeloid leukemia.