Mechanistically, Ayyagari et al. [20] demonstrated that bithionol induced ovarian cancer cell death by increasing active caspase 3/7 and PARP cleavage; leading to nuclear condensation; the loss of mitochondrial potential; cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase; and the upregulation of p38, p27, and p21 proteins, as well as the downregulation of phospho-Akt, phospho-NF-κB, phospho-IκBα, XIAP, BCL-2 and BCL-XL. Here, XIAP is linked to ovarian carcinoma.