TNF and lung disorder: A significant amount of proinflammatory substances, including tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and proteases, is released by active neutrophils and alveolar macrophages, causing the damage to lung tissues more severe.5 Protecting the epithelial barrier and suppressing inflammation in the lungs may prevent the acute immune response that happens in lung diseases.6