PPARGC1A and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Specifically, atractylenolide II has been validated to improve obesity-induced hyperlipidemia, hepatosteatosis, and IR while simultaneously enhancing weight loss through activating adenosine 5’-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/PGC-1α/UCP1 axis (Liu et al., 2022).