Plumbagin (PL) was found to significantly inhibit SDF-1-induced angiogenesis in co-cultured SMMC-7721 and HUVECs, and it downregulated the mRNA expression of CXCR4 and CXCR7, thereby suppressing angiogenesis in HCC (73). Here, CXCL12 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.