Counteract the immune-suppressive effects of the hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment, exert anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic activities, downregulate the proportions of Tregs, TAMs, and MDSCs, upregulate the proportions of CD8 T cells and functional CD8 T cells, inhibit the expression of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and CCL-2, and reduce the expression of angiogenesis-related molecules CD31 and VEGF. Here, TNF is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.