Further investigations demonstrated that CnP primarily exerts its anti-HCC effects by suppressing the activation of CAFs and reducing the production of pro-tumorigenic factors, particularly interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), CCL2, angiopoietin, and osteopontin (OPN) (64). The gene discussed is CNP; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.