CCL2 and ischemic stroke: the CCL2/CCR2 axis in CI/R has been studied accordingly in the clinic, and the development of drugs that modulate the activity of the CCL2/CCR2 signaling pathway can be used to prevent and treat acute phase cellular injury and promote recovery of neurological function in the chronic phase in patients with ischemic stroke (Geng et al., 2022).Extracellular elastin derived peptides (EDPs) accumulate in aging brains and are associated with AD.