CXCL13 is a potential inducer of CNS autoimmunity, expressed mainly in activated cerebral vasculature, which can inject IL-21-producing T follicular helper cells into the reperfusion phase of brain disease and exacerbate ischemic brain injury.Both XCL-1 and MCP-1 promote apoptosis and exert a tremendous chemotactic effect on THP-1 cells (Yan et al., 2021).XCL-1 exacerbates ischemic brain injury by producing specific chemotactic activity of intellectin protein, which recruits monocytes to sites of inflammation and regulates progenitor cell proliferation. This evidence concerns the gene XCL1 and brain injury.