Like GM-CSF, IFNγ has a dual role in cancer as it can favor the antitumor immune response through ischemia induction, antigen presentation cell activation, macrophage repolarization, induction of Tregs fragility, and MDSC inhibition, but it also favors tumor escape via the induction of tolerant molecules expression (such as CTLA-4 and PD-L1), stimulating angiogenesis and promoting tumor progression [246]. The gene discussed is CSF2; the disease is cancer.