Research shows that SiO2 particles can disrupt EGFR signaling in lung epithelial cells, affecting drug uptake, while ultrasmall core-shell silica nanoparticles enhance the delivery and efficacy of anticancer drugs like gefitinib, leading to reduced tumor growth and extended survival in non-small cell lung cancer models [147,148]. Here, EGFR is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.