IL4 and viral infectious disease: The use of Artemisia annua polysaccharides demonstrated that the adjuvant dosage plays a critical role in the balance and type of elicited immune response; a medium dose (0.5 mg/mL) was the most effective in boosting IFN-γ over IL-4, indicating a shift towards a Th1-type immune response, which is desirable for combating viral infections like HCV.