LCT and inflammatory bowel disease: Additionally, there are several inflammatory conditions that could alter the integrity of the mucosa and therefore the expression of enzymes such as lactase or fructose transporters, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), dietary components, small intestine infections (viruses, bacteria, and parasites), drugs (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory), etc. [1,10,11].