However, the strengths of our study are that we avoided bias, there were cases using tamoxifen regularly for long-term prophylactic treatment, the participants’ cytological screenings were conducted regularly at a single centre for a long period of time, the study participants consisted of oestrogen and/or progesterone receptor-positive cases with no signs of recurrence in terms of breast cancer, the participants were followed up spontaneously, all cases were HPV positive, and the participants consisted of only cases using tamoxifen and included histopathological results. The gene discussed is PGR; the disease is breast cancer.