PTEN and Cowden disease: Highlighting the significance of PTEN as a tumor suppressor gene, inherited mutations in PTEN have been associated with various autosomal dominant hamartoma syndromes such as Cowden’s disease (OMIM: 308350), Bannayan–Riley–Ruvalcaba syndrome (OMIM: 153480), and Lhermitte–Duclos syndrome (OMIM: 158350).