INSR and polycystic ovary syndrome: Given the significant familial aggregation of PCOS, many candidate genes of PCOS have been investigated by GWAS, including genes related to gonadotropin release and ovarian function (e.g., FSHB, LHCGR, AMH, DENND1A), genes related to metabolism (e.g., THADA, INSR), etc. Interestingly, these genes do not overlap much with the candidate genes related to HA or IR, and only contribute to a very trivial percentage of the heritability of PCOS.