STAT3 and infection: In contrast to this, upon infection over time (6~24 h p.i.), STAT1 phosphorylation was enhanced but was mainly restricted in the cytoplasm, and, notably, almost no p-STAT1 was localized in the nucleus of infected 266-6 cells, while STAT3 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation were robustly increased by CVB3 during this period (Figure 2D).