TNF and infection: At 48 h of infection, the gene expression of CXCL10, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-6 was increased up to 47.14-fold, 26.43-fold, 10.87-fold, and 3.45-fold, respectively, while the COX-2 gene was expressed 70.70-fold after 72 h of dengue viral infection (Figure 4).