In addition, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, TAM-derived CCL1 promotes tumor growth through the Akt/proline-rich Akt substrate of 40 kDa/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway [157], and in prostate, ovarian, and renal cancers. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.