In autoimmune liver diseases, such as autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis/primary sclerosing cholangitis (PBC/PSC), both serum hepcidin levels and the serum hepcidin/ferritin ratio were significantly lower compared to HBV, HCV, or NAFLD cases. This evidence concerns the gene HAMP and pancreatic serous cystadenoma.