Since AChE and α-glucosidase play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes mellitus (DM), the bioactive extracts and components (especially dendrophenol, moscatin, and gigantol) of D. fimbriatum stem can be used as health supplements to prevent and improve Alzheimer’s disease and DM. This evidence concerns the gene ACHE and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.