TIMP3 and Timothy syndrome: Congenital cardiac defects, like coarctation of the aorta and bicuspid aortic valve, are found in approximately one-third of TS patients, with bicuspid aortic valve being the most prevalent, occurring in approximately 25% of TS patients [15], the link between TS and the aortic bicuspid valve is most likely due to several complex mechanisms, one of which appears to be the action of TIMP1 and TIMP3.