IFNG and neoplasm: After 3–4 months, significant swelling was observed at the injection site, with an increase in CD69+ PD-1+ T cells, indicating TLS formation.518 The expression of IFN-γ was detected in TLSs, which inhibit tumor growth and reduce PD-1 and TIM-3 expression on T cells.518 This suggests that transplanting stromal cells can induce the formation of functional TLSs.